The five valve types
What each valve does, and when to specify it
The same five valves, in words, with the standards they are built to and the manufacturers we stock. For a direct comparison, read gate valve vs globe valve.
On/off isolation
Gate valve
A flat wedge slides up and down across the pipe. Fully open, the path is clear, so very little pressure is lost. Gate valves are not left part-open: the flow vibrates the wedge and wears the seats.
- Used in
- Refineries, pipelines, water and utility lines
- Standards
- API 600 · API 602 · API 6D
- Brands we stock
- PK Valve · FBV · 3D Valve · Bonney Forge
Gate valves: sizes, classes and brands
Regulating flow
Globe valve
A plug moves onto a seat inside the body, giving fine, stable control of how much flows at the cost of some pressure loss. The flow changes direction twice inside the body, which is what makes throttling precise.
- Used in
- Steam lines, fuel lines, cooling water, control stations
- Standards
- BS 1873 · API 602 · ASME B16.34
- Brands we stock
- Douglas Chero · OMB · PK Valve · Bonney Forge
Globe valves: sizes, classes and brands
Fast, tight shut-off
Ball valve
A ball with a hole through it turns a quarter turn. Lever along the pipe means open; across the pipe means closed. Soft or metal seats press against the ball to give bubble-tight shut-off.
- Used in
- Oil & gas production, gas pipelines, process plants
- Standards
- API 6D · API 608 · API 607 fire-safe
- Brands we stock
- GWC Italia · Valvitalia · OMB · Oliver
Ball valves: sizes, classes and brands
Large-bore isolation
Butterfly valve
A disc rotates inside the pipe. It stays compact and light even in very large sizes, which is why it is common on big water and cooling lines. Offset designs lift the disc off the seat as it opens, so the seat lasts longer.
- Used in
- Cooling water, desalination, HVAC, large utility lines
- Standards
- API 609 · triple offset for high temperature
- Brands we stock
- GWC Italia · 3D Valve · L&T Valves
Butterfly valves: sizes, classes and brands
Stopping backflow
Check valve
Forward flow pushes the flap open. If the flow reverses, for example when a pump stops, the flap swings shut on its own. No handle, no operator: the fluid does the work.
- Used in
- Pump discharge, compressor stations, boiler feed lines
- Standards
- API 594 · API 6D · BS 1868
- Brands we stock
- PK Valve · GWC Italia · Bonney Forge
Check valves: sizes, classes and brands