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AM EnterprisesAjabshah Group
Valve Lab

How gate, globe, ball, butterfly and check valves work

See how each valve controls flow. Choose a valve and move the handle to watch what happens inside the pipe. A quick way to explain the five common valve types to a colleague or a client.

Cross-section of a pipe with the selected valve FLOW
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Flow through valve
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On/off isolation

Gate valve

A flat wedge slides up and down across the pipe. Fully open, the path is clear, so very little pressure is lost. Gate valves are not left part-open: the flow vibrates the wedge and wears the seats.

Used in
Refineries, pipelines, water and utility lines
Standards
API 600 · API 602 · API 6D
Brands
PK Valve · FBV · 3D Valve · Bonney Forge

Gate valves: sizes, classes & brands

The five valve types

What each valve does, and when to specify it

The same five valves, in words, with the standards they are built to and the manufacturers we stock. For a direct comparison, read gate valve vs globe valve.

On/off isolation

Gate valve

A flat wedge slides up and down across the pipe. Fully open, the path is clear, so very little pressure is lost. Gate valves are not left part-open: the flow vibrates the wedge and wears the seats.

Used in
Refineries, pipelines, water and utility lines
Standards
API 600 · API 602 · API 6D
Brands we stock
PK Valve · FBV · 3D Valve · Bonney Forge

Gate valves: sizes, classes and brands

Regulating flow

Globe valve

A plug moves onto a seat inside the body, giving fine, stable control of how much flows at the cost of some pressure loss. The flow changes direction twice inside the body, which is what makes throttling precise.

Used in
Steam lines, fuel lines, cooling water, control stations
Standards
BS 1873 · API 602 · ASME B16.34
Brands we stock
Douglas Chero · OMB · PK Valve · Bonney Forge

Globe valves: sizes, classes and brands

Fast, tight shut-off

Ball valve

A ball with a hole through it turns a quarter turn. Lever along the pipe means open; across the pipe means closed. Soft or metal seats press against the ball to give bubble-tight shut-off.

Used in
Oil & gas production, gas pipelines, process plants
Standards
API 6D · API 608 · API 607 fire-safe
Brands we stock
GWC Italia · Valvitalia · OMB · Oliver

Ball valves: sizes, classes and brands

Large-bore isolation

Butterfly valve

A disc rotates inside the pipe. It stays compact and light even in very large sizes, which is why it is common on big water and cooling lines. Offset designs lift the disc off the seat as it opens, so the seat lasts longer.

Used in
Cooling water, desalination, HVAC, large utility lines
Standards
API 609 · triple offset for high temperature
Brands we stock
GWC Italia · 3D Valve · L&T Valves

Butterfly valves: sizes, classes and brands

Stopping backflow

Check valve

Forward flow pushes the flap open. If the flow reverses, for example when a pump stops, the flap swings shut on its own. No handle, no operator: the fluid does the work.

Used in
Pump discharge, compressor stations, boiler feed lines
Standards
API 594 · API 6D · BS 1868
Brands we stock
PK Valve · GWC Italia · Bonney Forge

Check valves: sizes, classes and brands

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